Course Description
Pakistan
Studies
Land of Pakistan: Land and people-strategic importance, natural resources. A brief
historical background of creation of Pakistan, government and politics
in Pakistan, languages and cultures of Pakistan.
Islamic
studies
Fundamental of Islam, Tauheed: Arguments for the oneness of God, impact of Tauheed on human life,
Place of man in the universe, purpose of creation, textual study
of Surah al-Rehman and Surah al-Furqan, Prophethood, need for prophet,
characteristics of a prophet, finality of prophethood, seerat; life
of the prophet as embodiment of Islamic ideology, faith in the hereafter
aakhrat, effects of the belief on worldly life.
Ibadah: Concept of Ibadah, major Ibadah, Salat,
Saom, Zakat, Hajj and Jehad.
The Holy Quran: Its revelation and compilation,
The authenticity of the text,
Hadith: Its need, authenticity and importance.
Consensus (Ijma), analogy (Qiyas).
Sources of Knowledge: Islamic approach to institution,
Reason and experience. Revelation Wahi as a source of knowledge.
Moral and Social Philosophy of Islam: The concept
of good and evil, Akhlaq-e-Hasna with special reference to surah
Al-Hujrat, Professional Ethics Kasb-e-Halal.
Islamic Political Principles: Salient features
of the Islamic state, Madina character, Responsibilities of the
Head of the state, Rights and Duties of Citizens.
Economics Order of Islam: Right to property, System
of Taxation, Distribution of Wealth Zakat and Ushar, Interest Free
Economy Shirakat and Muzarabat.
Islam as Living Force: Application of Islam Teaching
to Socio-Economic Development in the 20th Century.
Ethics ( for non-muslim
students)
Nature, Scope and
methods of Ethics, Ethic and Religion, Ethical teaching of world
religions. Basic moral concepts, Rights and wrongs, Good and Evil,
An outline of Ethical systems in philosophy, Heonism, Utilitarianism,
Rationalism and Kant. Self Realization Theories, Intuitionism, Islamic
moral theory: Ethics of Quran and its philosophical basis. Ethical
precepts from Quran and Hadith and promotion of moral values in
society.
Engineering Economics
& Management
Introduction to Economics: Accounting, Cost benefit ratios, Interpretation of financial statements.
Fundamental economic concepts. Supply and demands. Types of market
and forecasting.
The Basic Concepts of Management: Process of
planning. Project Planning. Financial Management. PERT, CPM. Managerial
decision making and its impact on society: with emphasis on the
selection of corporate goals, measures of corporate performance
and concepts of industrial regulations and legal aspects.
Suggested Text: Arranged by the Faculty
Communication
Skills
Technical report writing
and the study of English to enable the student to express his ideas
verbally and in writing. Presentation Skills.
Business English: Writing formal and business
letters, writing formal memos, drafting notice and minutes of
meetings, drafting tender notice, theoretical knowledge and comprehension
of contracts and agreements, preparing proposals and technical
reports, conducting and writing a project report on a mini research
(sessional work).
Engineering Ethics: Introduction, business laws,
code of conduct.
Suggested Text: Arranged by the Faculty
General Science
Applied
Calculus
Introduction to Functions: Mathematical and physical meaning of functions, graphs
of various functions. Hyperbolic functions.
Introduction to Limits: Theorems of limits and
their applications to functions. Some useful limits, right hand
and left hand limits, Continuous and discontinuous functions and
their applications.
Derivatives: Introduction to derivatives. Geometrical
and physical meaning of derivatives. Partial derivatives and their
geometrical significance. Application problems (rate of change,
marginal analysis)
Higher derivatives: Leibnitz theorem, Rolles theorem,
Mean value theorem. Taylor’s and Maclaurin’s series.
Evaluation of Limits using L’Hospital’s rule: Indeterminate forms
Applications of derivatives: Asymptotes, tangents and normals, curvature
and radius of curvature, maxima and minima of a function of a single
variable (applied problems) differentials with applications.
Applications of Partial Derivatives: Euler’s
theorem, total differentials, maxima and manima of two variables.
Integral calculus: Methods of integration by substitutions
and by parts. Integration of rational and irrational algebraic functions.
Definite integrals, improper integrals, Gamma and Beta functions,
reduction formulae.
Applications of integral calculus: Cost function
from marginal cost, rocket flights, area under curve.
Vector algebra: Introduction to vectors, Scalar
and vector product of three and four vectors. Volume of parallelepiped
and tetrahedron.
Vector calculus: Vector differentiation, vector
integration and their applications. Operator, gradient, divergence
and curl with their applications.
Suggested Text:
Brief Calculus and its applications by Doniel D. Benice.
Applied Calculus by Raymond A. Barnett.
Calculus by Gerald L. Bradley
Calculus and Analytical Geometry by Dr. S. M. Yusuf.
Linear
Algebra, Differential equations and Solid Geometry
Introduction to matrices, elementary
row operations and vector spaces: Brief introduction to
matrices. Symmetric and Hermitian matrices, Introduction to elementary
row operations, Echelon form and reduced echelon form. Rank of a
matrix. Inverse of a matrix by using elementary row operations.
Vector spaces. Vector subspaces. Linear combination, Linear dependence
and basis, linear transformation.
System of Linear equations: System of non-homogeneous
and homogeneous linear equations, Gaussian elimination method, Gauss
Jardon method, Consistency criterion for solution of homogeneous
and non-homogeneous system of linear equations. Applications of
system of linear equations.
Determinants: Introduction to determinants, Properties
of determinants of order n, Axiomatic definition of a determinant.
Applications of determinants (Cramer’s Rule).
Analytic Geometry of 3-dimensions: Introduction
Coordinates of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio.
Vector form of a straight line, parametric equations of a straight
line, equation of a straight line in symmetric form, direction ratios
and direction cosines, angle between two straight lines, distance
of a point from a line, Planes: Equation of a plane, angle between
two planes, intersection of two planes, a plane and a straight line,
skew lines, Cylindrical and spherical coordinate: Introduction to
cylindrical and spherical
Coordinates, Surfaces: Quadratic surfaces, degenerate surfaces,
symmetry, traces, intercepts of the surfaces, surface of revolution,
Cylinder and cone: Cylinder, directrix of cylinder, right cylinder,
The cone, Sphere: General equation of sphere, great circle.
Multiple integrals: Definition, double integral
as volume, evaluation of double integral, change of order of integration,
Application of double integrals, area, mass of an element, moment
of inertia, and center of gravity. Triple integrals, evaluation
of triple integrals, application of triple integrals, volume, mass
of an element, center of gravity, moment of inertia by triple integrals,
triple integration in cylindrical and spherical coordinates.
Differential equations of first order: Differential
equations and their classification, formation of differential equations,
solution of differential equations, initial and boundary conditions,
Methods of solution of differential equation of first order and
first-degree: Separable equations, homogeneous equations, equations
reducible to homogeneous, exact differential equations, integrating
factor, linear equations, Bernoulli equations, orthogonal trajectories
in Cartesian and polar coordinates, applications of first order
differential equations.
Non linear first order differential equations: Equations solvable
for p, for y and for x, Clairauts equations.
Higher Order Linear Differential Equations: Homogeneous
linear equations of order n with constant coefficients, auxiliary/
characteristics equations. Solution of higher order differential
equation according to the roots of auxiliary equation. (Real and
distinct, Real and repeated, and Complex). Non-homogeneous linear
equations. Working rules for finding particular integral. Cauchy
Euler equation. Method of variation of parameters for solving y”
+ p(x) y’ + q(x) y = f(x). Applications of higher order linear
differential equations.
Suggested Text:
Brief Calculus and its Applications by Doniel D. Benice.
Applied Calculus by Raymond A. Barnett.
Calculus and Analytical Geometry by Dr. S. M. Yusuf Mathematical
Methods by Dr. S. M. Yusuf.
Complex
Variables and Transforms
Complex numbers system and complex
variable theory: Introduction to complex number systems,
Argand’s diagram, modulus and argument of a complex number,
polar form of a complex number. DeMoivre’s theorem and its
applications, Complex functions, analytical functions, harmonic
and conjugate, harmonic functions, cauchy-Rehmunn equations (in
Cartesian and polar coordinates). Line integrals, Green’s
theorem, Cauchy’s theorem, Chauchy’s integral formula,
singularities, poles, residues and contour integration and applications.
Laplace Transforms: Defination,. Laplace transform
of elementary functions, Properties of Lapace transform, Laplace
transform of derivatives and integrals. Multiplication by t and
division by t properties. Periodic functions and their Laplace transforms.
Inverse Laplace transform and its properties. Convolution theorem,
inverse Laplace transform by integral and partial fraction methods,
Heavisides expansion formula. Solution of ordinary differential
equations by Laplace transform. Applications of Laplace transformation
in various fields of engineering.
Series solution of differential equations: Introduction,
The solution of p0(x)y” + p1(x)y + p2(x)y = 0, when p0(0)=0.
Validity of series solution, Ordinary point, singular, point, Forbenius
method, indicial equation, Bessel’s differential equation,
its solution of first kind and its recurrence formulae, Legendre
differential equation and its solution, Rodrigues formula.
Fourier Transform: Definition, Fourier transform
of simple function, magnitude and phase spectra, Fourier transform
theorems, Inverse Fourier transform, Solution of differential equations
using Fourier transform.
Suggested Text:
Advanced Engineering Mathematics by H.K. Dass
Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Dr. B.S. Grawall
Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Erwin Crayzig
Lapace Transform by Schaum Series
Probability
and Stochastic Process
Set theory: Basic concepts of probability. Conditional
probability, Independent events, Baye's formula, discrete and continuous
random variables, distributions and density functions, probability
distributions (Binomial, Poisson, Hyper geometric, Normal, Uniform
and Exponential). Mean, variance, standard deviations, moments and
moment generating functions. Linear regression and curve fitting.
Limits theorems, stochastic processes, First and second order characteristics,
applications.
Suggested Text:
Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 7th ed., John
Wiley, 1994.
Numerical Analysis
Floating Point number system. Error
analysis. Solutions of equations. Interpolation. Splines. Numerical
differentiation and integration. Numerical methods in linear algebra,
system of linear equations, method of least squares, eigen values,
eigenvectors. Solution of ordinary and partial differential equations.
This subject is to be supplemented with extensive computer exercises.
Suggested Text:
Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 7th ed., John
Wiley, 1994
Engineering Science
Basic
Mechanical Engineering
Static: Fundamental
concepts and principles of mechanics. Important vector quantities.
Fundamental units. Moments and couples. Resultants of forces and
couples. Laws of equilibrium. Free body diagrams; structures, frames
and machines.
Dynamics: Fundamentals of dynamics. Dynamics of
particles and rigid body including kinematics and kinetics. Applications
of Newton's second law of motion. Analysis of motion in two dimensional
and three dimensional spaces. Methods of energy and momentum. Applications
of Dynamics to the engineering concepts. Strength of material, Fluid
Mechanics, Pulleys, Chains. Design of Flywheel, Bearings, Mechanical
Power Transmission.
Suggested Text:
J. L. Meriam & L. G. Kraige, Engineering Mechanics Vol. 2 Dynamics,
John & Wiley Sons, 1987.
Computer Aided Drawing
Types of Lines and usage. Dimensioning. Lettering. Orthographic 1st angle projection. Sheet
Planning. Orthographic 3rd angle projection. Introduction of Computer
Aided Drawing. Isometric Projection. Sectional Drawing and Assembly
Drawing. The course consists of scale drawing only. Drawing sheets
will be prepared on drawing board and on ACAD. Electrical circuit
drawing, Electrical and Electronics CAD’s. Industrial Wiring
Drawing.
Suggested Text:
A.C Parkinson, First Year Engineering Drawing, Latest ed., E.L.B.S.
T. W. Berghauser and P. L. Sclive, Illustrated AutoCAD, Release
10, BPB
Publishers, George Amura, Mastering Autocad 2000
Electrical Workshop
Safety Precautions: The
use and care of tools and measuring instruments. Electric shock
and its treatment, use of megger, wire-guage, phase tester and
other electrician’s tools, Cables, their sizes, current
rating and jointing. Solders and soldering. Main features of domestic
installations and appliances, e.g. D.B. system, fluorescent lamps,
fans etc. Necessity and methods of earthing, faults and remedies,
in wiring circuits. Winding practice of machine coils.
Elementary Machine Shop: Detailed study of center
lathe and accessories. Plain and taper turning, simple screw cutting.
Cutting tools and their grinding. Introduction of shaper, slotter,
planner, pillar and radial drilling machines.
Fitting Shop: The use and care of fitter's tools. Marking out
of jobs. Practice in metal filing, sawing, drilling, Die Sinking,
tapping and reaming. Introduction and use of power jack saw and
arbor press.
Smithy Shop: The use and care of forging tools
and blacksmith tools. Open hearth forge, practice in upsetting,
drawing out spreading, bending, cutting and punching, hardening
and tempering of small cutting tools. Soldering, brazing, electric
and gas welding.
Carpentry Shop: The use and care of timber, its
defects and preservation methods. Practice in planning and sawing.
Different types of wood joints. Study of sawing, planning, turning
and turning machines, pattern making.
Foundry & Pattern Shop: Casting and pattern making.
Computer Shop: Windows XP, Office automation and use of internet.
Foundry & Pattern Shop: Casting and pattern
making.
Computer Shop: Windows XP, Office automation
and use of internet.
Suggested Text:
W.A. Chapman, Workshop Technology, Part 1, Arnold Pub. Latest Edition
Basic Civil Engineering
Basic surveying, Global positioning
system, Map reading, X-Y coordinates, Foundations, Civil Engineering
Drawing.Preparing drawing for planes. Elevation cross section of
single and multi storeyed buildings such as banglow, school, hospital
office, mosque and flates etc. Foundation of electrical poles and
rotating machines.
Applied
Thermodynamics
Basic concepts and definitions, Processes
& Cycles, concept of Thermodynamic Property and definition of
State; First Law of Thermodynamics, Work & Heat as energies
in transition, Interchange-ability of Energy States, Working Fluids
and Steady / Unsteady Flow Energy Equations, Perfect and Real Gases;
Second Law of Thermodynamics. Reversible and Irreversible Processes,
Entropy & Carnot Efficiency, concept of Available Energy.
Suggested Text:
T. D. Eastop & McConkey, Applied Thermodynamics for Engineers
& Technologists, Longman, 7th Edn., 1995
Core Courses of Electrical Engineering
Basic Electrical Engineering
Electrical Elements and Circuits: Energy and Energy transfer, Electric charge, electric current,
potential difference & voltage, Electric power & energy,
Electric circuits, sources, resistance, specific resistance temperature
coefficient of resistance, Ohm’s law, Fundamental circuit
laws, Kirchoff’s laws, Direct applications of fundamental
laws to simple resistive networks, Introduction to node voltage
and loop current methods.
Capacitance: permittivity expression for capacitance,
Charging and discharging, series and parallel connection of capacitors.
Magnetic Circuits and Transformer: Magnetic effects of electric
current, force produced on current carrying conductor placed in
magnetic field LHR, electromagnetic induction, magnitude and direction
of induced emf, Lenz’s law. Magnetic circuit concepts, Magnetization
curves, Characteristics of magnetic materials, Magnetic circuits
with DC excitation, Induced voltages, Self-inductance, inductance
of long solenoid Mutual Inductance. Magnetic circuits with AC excitation,
Hysteresis and eddy current losses, Introduction to transformer,
The ideal transformer e.m.f equation.
A.C Fundamental: Generation of alternating emf
, introduction to periodic functions, RMS or effective, Average
and maximum values of current & voltage for sinusoidal signal
wave forms. Introduction to phasor representation of alternating
current. Power and A.C. circuit, active power, reactive power apparent
power and power factor.
Introduction to
Computing
Office Automation Tools: MS Word, MS Excel, Power Point and use of Internet. Computer programming
environments, Algorithm development, Structured and modular computer
programming in C. Selection, Loop, Arrays, Pointers, Sequential
and direct files, and character and pixel graphics. Introduction
to sorting and searching. Applications from Physics, Business, Mathematics
and Humanities.
Suggested Text:
R. P. Halpern, C for Yourself – Learning C Using Experiments,
Oxford
University Press, C Programming Exercises, First Edition, E&ME
College, 1995.
Electrical
Materials and Devices
Conductors, semi conductors
and insulators, Energy bands, Insulators used in electrical systems.
Super conductors, soft magnetic materials, permanent magnet materials.
Semi conductor materials, PN-Junction, Fabrications, epitaxially
grown, diffused and ion implanted junction, Depletion approximation,
Zener, Varator and tunnel diodes, LED, Laser Diode, Fiber Optics.
Suggested Text: Electronics by Grobe
Network Analysis
Network Theorems: Thevenin’s
theorem, Norton’s theorem, Superposition theorem, Reciprocity
theorem, star delta transformation for d.c and a.c circuits. Single-phase
and three phase circuit analysis
Two port network: Introduction, characterization
of linear time-invarient, two ports by six sets of parameters. Relationship
among parameter sets. Inter connection of two ports. Initial condition
determination, Laplace Transform and differential equations, Laplace
transform of signals involving generalized functions. Convolution.
Routh Hurwitz criterion and stability. Poles & zeros. Impedance
functions and network theorems. Two port parameters, Frequency response,
Magnitude and Phase plots. Fourier series and transform. This course
is supplemented with computer simulation of circuits and the study
of responses on computers. It is also coupled with a practical laboratory.
Suggested Text:
S. Franco, Electric Circuits Fundamentals, Oxford University Press,
1995.
J. S. Kang, PSPice Manual for Electric Circuits Fundamentals, Oxford
University Press, 1995.
Electromagnetic
Field Theory
Vector analysis: Static
electric field and scalar potential. Dielectric materials. Electric
force and energy. Potential problems. Steady currents, magnetic
field and vector potential. Magnetic materials and circuits. Magnetic
force and torque. Faraday's Laws. Boundary conditions. Maxwell's
equations. EM energy conservation. Wave equations and EM waves.
Suggested Text:
M. N. O. Sadiku, Elements of Electromagnetics, 2nd edition, Oxford
University Press, 1994.
D.C. Machines and
Drives
Electromechanical Energy Conversion: Forces and torques in magnetic field systems. Energy balance. Singly
excited system. Coenergy. Multiply excited system. Dynamic equations
D.C. Machines Fundamentals: Simple linear machine.
A loop rotating between pole faces. Communication. Armature construction.
Armature reaction. Induced voltage and torque equation. Construction.
Power flow and losses. D.C. Generators: Equivalent circuit Magnetization
curve. Separately existed; shunt, series and compounded generators.
Parallel operation.
D.C. Motors: Equivalent circuit. Separately excited; Shunt, permanent-magnet,
series and compounded motors.
Speed control of DC motors: Starters, speed control
methods for series, shunt and compound motors, series parallel control
for traction motor, multi-voltage control, plugging, Dynamic braking,
testing efficiency and temperature rise, determination of losses,
divert and indirect test, estimation of temperature rise of armature,
commutator and field winding, Efficiency.
Electromechanics and Machines: Transducers Unified Machine Theory.
Suggested Text:
Electric Machinery Fundamentals 2nd ed. 1991 by Stephen J. Chapman,
McGraw-Hill.
Electric Machinery, 5th ed. 1991. Fitzgerald, Kingsley and Umans,
McGraw Hill.
Electrical Machines. Hindmarsh, McGraw Hill.
Instrumentation
and Measurements
Measurement and Errors: Definition, Accuracy, precision, sensitivity, resolution, Decibel.
Bandwidth. Significant figures. Types of errors. Constructional
features. Types of Ammeters, meter, etc.
Electomechanical Instruments: Temperature compensation.
Extension of Instrument ranges by shunts and multipliers. Ohms per
volt and loading effect for voltmeter. Calibration of D.C. Instruments.
Watthour meter. Power-factor meters. Instrument transformers. Frequency
meters. KVAR meters. Recording Instruments. Phase sequence measurement.
Bridges and Potentiometers: Wheatstone bridge.
Kelvin bridge. A.C. bridges and their applications. A.C and D.C.
potentiometers.
Electronic Instruments: Amplified D.C. meters.
Average, peak, and true r.m.s responding A.C. voltmeters. Electronic
multi-meters. Considerations in choosing an analogue voltmeter.
Q meter Dual trace and storage oscilloscopes. Introduction to digital
instruments. Phase angle measurement.
Measurement of Non Electrical Quantities: Classification
of transducers.
Measurement of temprature, pressure, displacement, vibration, speed
and acceleration.
Signal Analysis: Wave analysis. Harmonic distortion
analysis. Spectrum analysis.
Suggested Text:
Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques, W.D. Cooper
& A.D. Helfrical.
Fundamentals of Electrical Measurements, B.S. Gragory.
Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation, Olivar
Electronic Devices
and Circuits
P.N. Junction,
Diode circuits: choppers, clampers and rectifiers. Zener
diode, LED, Laser diode, photo diode, tunnel diode, BJT’s
FET’s and MOS-FET’S, biasing and Amplifier circuits.
Opertional amplifier fundamentals, Multistage amplifier. Feedback
in Amplifiers.
Suggested Text:
Principles of Electronic Devices and Circuits by Malvino.
Logic
Design and Switching Theory
Truth Function: Binary
connectives, Evaluation of truth functions, Physical realizations,
Sufficient set of connectives, Truth functional calculus as Boolean
Algebra, Duality, Fundamental theorems of Boolean Algebra, Switches
and Relays, Logic Circuits, Speed and delays in logic circuits.
Minimization of Boolean Functions: Minterm and Maxterm, Karnaugh
map, Simplification of Boolean function, POS and SOP expressions.
Tabular Minimization: Prime implicants. Sequential
Networks: Latches, Fundamental mode, Synthesis of sequential networks,
Minimization of the number of states, Clocked networks.
Special Realization and Codes: Binary adders, Coding
of numbers, Decoders and code conversation, ROMS, NAND and NOR implementation,
Parity checkers, Counters, shift Registers and Memories, Encoding
and decoding.
A.C.
Machines and Drives
Transformers: Transformer
Fundamentals, Importance of transformers. Types and construction.
Ideal transformer. Theory and operation of real Single-phase transformers
phasor diagrams. Leakage reactance. Losses. Equivalent circuit parameters.
No load and short circuit test per Unit systems. Voltage regulation
and efficiency. Autotransformers. Tapping. Parallel operation and
load division. Inrush current. Exciting current. Three phase transformer.
Per unit system. Three phase connections and harmonic Suppression.
Vector groups. Three phase transformation using two transformers.
Three Phase Induction Motor: Production of rotating
field and torque. Reversal of rotation. Construction. Synchronous
speed. Slip and its effect on rotor frequency and voltage. Equivalent
circuit. Power and torque. Losses, efficiency and power factor.
Torque-speed characteristics. Starting and speed control. Induction
generator.
Single-Phase Induction Motors: Types and performance
Analysis. Heating and cooling of motors
Synchronous Generator: Construction. Excitation
system. Equivalent circuit. Phasor diagram. Power and torque. Measurement
of parameters. Generator operating alone. Capability chart. Synchronization
Parallel operation with infinite bus and power sharing. Parallel
operation of same size generators generating, Loss of field excitation.
Cooling systems. Shut down procedure.
Synchronous Motors: Principle of operation starting,
Shaft load, power angle and developed torque. Counter voltage (CEMF)
and armature reaction voltage, equivalent circuit and phasor diagram.
Power Equation. Effects of changes in shaft load and field excitation.
V-curves. Losses and efficiency. Power factor improvement. Speed
control. Ratings. Design aspects of transformers, Indication motors
and synchronous motors.
Suggested Text:
Electric Machines, 1st Ed. 1991 (chapters 3,4,5,8,9). Charles I.
Hubert, Maxwell Macmillan.
Electric machinery Fundamental, 2nd ed. 1991 (chapter:2,8.9 and
10), Stephen J. Chapman, McGraw Hill.
Power
System Analysis
The Admittance Model and Network
Calculations: Branch and Node admittances; Mutually coupled
Branches in Y-bus; Equivalent Admittance Network; Modification of
Y-bus; Impedance matrix and Y-bus; the method of successive elimination;
Node Elimination (Kron Reduction); Triangular Factorization; The
Impedance Model and Network Calculations: The bus, admittance and
impedance Matrices; Thevenin’s Theorem and Z-bus; Modification
of an existing Z-bus; Direct determination of Z-bus; Calculation
of Z-bus elements from Y bus ; Power Invariant Transformations;
Mutually coupled branches in Zbus.
Symmetrical Faults: Transients in RL circuits;
internal voltages of loaded machines. Under fault conditions; fault
calculations using Z bus; Equivalent circuits; Selection of circuit
breakers.
Symmetrical Components and Sequence Networks: Synthesis
of unsymmetrical phasors; symmetrical components of unsymmetrical
phasors; symmetrical Y and D circuits; power in terms of symmetrical
components; sequence networks of Y and D impedances; sequence networks
of a symmetrical Transmission line; sequence Networks of the synchronous
Machines; Sequence Networks of Y-D Transformers; unsymmetrical services
impedances; sequence networks of Y-D Transformers; unsymmetrical
services impedances; sequence networks; positive, negative and zero
sequence networks;
Unsymmetrical Faults: Unsymmetrical faults on power
systems; single line to ground faults; line to line faults. Double
line to ground faults; Demonstration problems; open conductor faults.
Load Flow Studies: Review of network equations
and solutions, network model equations and their formulation, load
flow problem, Gauss-Siedel iterative method and algorithm for load
flow solution, Netwon-Raphson method, NR-Algorithm for load flow
solution, De coupled load flow methods, comparison of load flow
methods, control of voltage profile. Computer Application.
Steady state and Transient Stability: the swing
equation , Application of swing curve & solution of problems
using digital computers, stability of loads, effects of mechanical
and electrical time lag and delays, Electromechanical behavior of
machine/lines/busbar systems equal criterion in machine dynamics.
Integrated
Circuits and Systems
Differential amplifiers, current source
biasing in integrated circuits. Operational amplifiers. Operational
amplifier circuits, non-inverting, inverting, integrator, differentiator
Schmitt trigger etc. Integrated circuit logic families, LSI, MSI
& VLSI. design basics.
Suggested Text:
A. S. Sedra & K. C. Smith , Microelectronic Circuits, 4rth edition,
Oxford University Press, 1997.
Power
Electronics
Principles of Power Electronics, Converters
and Applications, Circuit Components and their Effects, Control
Aspects Power Electronic Devices: Power diode, Power BJT, Power
MOSFET IGBT’ & SCR’s, GTO, & TRIAC and DIAC:
construction, characteristics, operations, losses, ratings, control
and protection of thyristors.
AC to DC converters/rectifiers: Half wave and full
wave rectifiers with resistive and inductive loads. Un-controlled,
semi controlled and full controlled rectification. 3 Phase rectifiers:
un-controlled, semi controlled and full controlled. 6-pulse, 12-pulse
and 24 pulse rectification, PWM converters.
DC to AC converters/inverters: Single phase DC to AC converters,
3 Phase inverter, 6-pulse, 12 pulse inverters, PWM inverters.
Switch Mode Power Supplies: DC to DC conversation, Buck converter,
Boost converter and Buck-Boost converters. Isolated converters,
Forward converters, Flyback converters.
Suggested Text:
Philip T. Krein, Elements of Power Electronics, Oxford University
Press, 1997.
Communication
Systems
Introduction: Fundamental
terms and definitions, information, message, message, signal, analog
and digital signals, elements of communication systems, modulating
and coding need for modulation, coding methods and benefits.
Signals and spectra: Method of signal representation,
time and frequency domain, mathematical representation of signals,
Fourier series and Fourier transform, power in a signal, Parseval’s
power theorem. Rayleigh energy theorem, properties of Fourier Transform,
convolution of signals, specific signal types as impulse step and
signum function.
Signal Transmission and filtering: Linear time invariant systems,
impulse response and superposition integral, transfer function,
block diagram analysis, distortion and equalizers, transmission
loss and repeater, ideal and real filters, quadature filters and
Hilbert transform, correlation and spectral density. Probability
and Random variables: Probability functions, probability models
and distributions, statistical averages.
Random Signals and Noise: Random process, ensemble
and time average, stationary and ergolic process, noise equivalent
BW, Analog base band transmission. Linear Modulation: Band pass
systems and signals, AM, DSB, SSB, VSB, modulated signals, modulators,
balanced modulator, & witching modulator, SSB generation (method),
demodulators, synchronous, detection, hetrodyne detection, envelope
detection.
Transmission Lines: Fundamentals of Transmission line, characteristics
impedance, losses in T/L. Standing waves, quarter and half wave
lines, reactance properties of T/L fundamentals of smith chart,
double stub, directional couplers bluns.
Exponential CW Modulation: Frequency and phase
modulation, bandwith criteria, generation methods, receivers, de-emphasis
filtering.
Pulse Modulation: Sampling Theory, ideal sampling and reconstruction,
aliasing, PAM, PWM, PPM.
Suggested Text:
Communication Systems by Bruce Carlson
Analog and Digital Communication by Simon Haykin
Control Systems
Examples of electrical, mechanical and
biological control systems. Open and closed-loop control Mathematical
models. Block diagrams. Second order systems. Step and impulse response.
Performance criteria. Steady state error. Sensitivity, s-plane system
stability. Analysis and design with the root locii method. Frequency
domain analysis: Bode plots, Nyquist criterion, gain and phase margins,
Nichols charts. The State-space method: state equations, flow graphs,
stability. Compensation techniques. Sampled-data systems: z-transform,
stability.
Suggested Text:
Linear Control Systems. McGraw-Hill, Katsushiko, Ogata
Microprocessor Based
Systems
Introduction to Microprocessor: Basic concepts, Control unit, Internal registers, ALU,
The microprocessor state, An 8-bit microprocessor (8085A or Z-80
or 6800), Timing and sequencing, Power-on and manual RESET. Memory
and I/O synchronization: The wait state, Hardware single stepping,
Memory speed requirements, Logic levels, Loading and Buffering.
The instruction set: Data transfer Logic operations and branching,
Programmed I/O interrupts and DMA operations, digital data and display,
Analogue data input & output, Microprocessor system design.Program
Assembly and testing, Software development, Assembly source programs,
Manual Assembly of programs, Assembler directives, Pseudo instructions,
Two pass Assemblers, Macros, Software testing.
The Microcontroller: Single-chip microprocessor,
an introduction to microcontrollers, the 8051 internal RAM and registers,
the 8051 interrupts systems, the 8051 instruction set, other microcontrollers
on the 8051 family.
Developing Microprocessor-Based Products: An introduction to the
design process, preparing the specification, developing a design,
implementing and testing the design, regulatory compliance testing,
design tool for microprocessor development.
Digital Signal
Processing
Applications of DSP. Digital signals,
systems and convolution. Fourier transform and frequency response.
Sampling. Discrete time Fourier transforms. DFT and FFT algorithms.
Z-transform. FIR, IIR filters and their implementation. FIR filter
design methods and IIR filter design methods.
Suggested Text:
Digital Signal Processing by J. P. Proakis and D. G. Manolakis.
Elective Courses Electronic Engineering
Power Systems Analysis (3
Credit Hours)
The Admittance Model and Network Calculations: Branch and Node admittances;
Mutually coupled Branches in Y-bus; Equivalent Admittance Network;
Modification of Y-bus; Impedance matrix and Y-bus; the method of
successive elimination; Node Elimination (Kron Reduction); Triangular
Factorization; The Impedance Model and Network Calculations: The
bus, admittance and impedance Matrices; Thevenin’s Theorem
and Z-bus; Modification of an existing Z-bus; Direct determination
of Z-bus; Calculation of Z-bus elements from Y bus ; Power Invariant
Transformations; Mutually coupled branches in Z bus.
Symmetrical Faults: Transients in RL circuits; internal voltages
of loaded machines. Under fault conditions; fault calculations using
Z bus; Equivalent circuits; Selection of circuit breakers.
Symmetrical Components and Sequence Networks: Synthesis of unsymmetrical
phasors; symmetrical components of unsymmetrical phasors; symmetrical
Y and D circuits; power in terms of symmetrical components; sequence
networks of Y and D impedances; sequence networks of a symmetrical
Transmission line; sequence Networks of the synchronous Machines;
Sequence Networks of Y-D Transformers; unsymmetrical services impedances;
sequence networks of Y-D Transformers; unsymmetrical services impedances;
sequence networks; positive, negative and zero sequence networks;
Unsymmetrical Faults: Unsymmetrical faults on power systems; single
line to ground faults; line to line faults. Double line to ground
faults; Demonstration problems; open conductor faults. Load Flow
Studies: Review of network equations and solutions, network model
equations and their formulation, load flow problem, Gauss-Siedel
iterative method and algorithm for load flow solution, Newton-Raphson
method, NR-Algorithm for load flow solution, De coupled load flow
methods, comparison of load flow methods, control of voltage profile.
Computer Application.
Steady state and Transient Stability: the swing equation , Application
of swing curve & solution of problems using digital computers,
stability of loads, effects of mechanical and electrical time lag
and delays, Electromechanical behavior of machine/lines/bus bar
systems equal criterion in machine dynamics.
Power Systems
Protection and Control (3 Credit Hours)
Introduction to power system control and its importance: Modes of
Power system operation. Major tasks of operation.
SCADA (Supervisory control and Data Acquisition): System-Remote
terminal unit, Control Centers, Communication Sub System, remote
terminal unit, Control centers, Communication aspects.
Economic Dispatch: Characteristics of power generation units. Economic
dispatch problems with and without consideration of losses. Incremental
fuel cost, penalty factor, economic power interchange, Static and
dynamic analysis of a one-area system. Evaluation of effect of speed
change on droop characteristics. Causes of Over Voltages. Propagation
of surges. Insulation coordination. Determination of system voltages
produced by traveling wave surges. Protection against lightning.
Surge arrestors and directors. Interference with Communication circuits.
Types, performance and selection of Fuses. Purpose, type, selection
and location of Reactors. Static, electromagnetic and electromechanical
relays. Microprocessor controlled relays. Short Circuit calculations.
Initiation of arc. Recovery voltage and re-striking voltage. Classification
of circuit breakers. Protection Schemes.
Power System
Design (3 Credit Hours)
Review of single-phase and three-phase steady-state A.C. circuit
analysis Power system representation and per unit system Transformer
model and circuit representation Three-phase transformer connections
and ASA convention Transmission line steady state operation Optimal
fuel selection for generation Analysis and design of interconnected
power systems Transmission line parameters .
Introduction
to ASIC Design (3 Credit Hours)
Modern digital design practices based on Hardware Description Languages
(Verilog, VHDL) and CAD tools, particularly logic synthesis. Emphasis
on design practice and the underlying algorithms. Introduction to
deep submicron design issues, particularly interconnect and low
power and to modern application, including multimedia, wireless
telecommunications and computing. Future
Introduction
to Robotics (3 Credit Hours)
Introduction to robotics with emphasis on the mathematical tools
for kinematics and dynamics of robot arms. Geometry and mathematical
representation of rigid body motion; forward and inverse kinematics
of articulated mechanical arms; trajectory generation, splines,
interpolation; manipulator dynamics; position sensing and actuation;
mobile robots, manipulators, effectors, actuators, sensors, interfaces;
Cartesian coordinates, bi dimensional and tri dimensional transformation
matrices, reference frames, relative and general transformations,
orientation, inverse transformations, graphs ;position and motion
kinematics; Sensors hierarchy, interfaces, data merging, classification,
internal and external sensors; Robot language hierarchy, action-level
planning, motion planning and topics in manipulator control.
Introduction
and Design
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