Theory

Chemotherapy

  1. Basic principles of chemotherapy.
  2. Antibacterials: (Folate antagonists; sulphonamides. Cell wall synthesis inhibitors; Penicillin, Cephalo­sporins, Carbapenam, Monobactam. Protein synthesis inhibitors; Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol, Macrolides. Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors; Quinolones and miscellaneous Antibiotics), Antimycobacterial drugs, Urinary tract antiseptics.
  3. Anti-fungals:
  4. Anti-virals:
  5. Anti-protozoals: (anti-malarias, anti-amebiasis, anthelmintics and anti- leishmanials).
  6. Anti-neoplastic drugs:

Immunopharmacology

Pharmacology of immuno-suppressants and stimulants.

Toxicology

  • Pollution and its types (water, air, food)
  • Poison and principle of treatment of poisoning.
  • Poisoning (Sign & symptom and treatment): Ethanol, Barbiturates, Digitalis, Salicylates, Strychnine, Narcotics, Nicotine, Paracetamol, Benzodiazepines and organophosphorous compounds.
  • Chelating agents and their role in poisoning: Dimercaprol, Calcium disodium edentate (Calcium EDTA), Pencillamine and Defroxamine.

Note

  • Only an introduction will be given of the banned and obsolete drug products.
  • While dealing with Pharmacology stress should be laid to the group actions of related drugs and only important differences should be discussed of the individual drugs placed in same group.
  • Newly introduced drugs should be included in the syllabus while drugs with no clinical and therapeutic values ought to be excluded from syllabus at any time.
  • The prototype drugs in each group from the latest edition of the recommended books.

Practical

Note

Practical of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of the above mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g.

  • To study the convulsant effects of strychnine and picrotoxin in frogs and to determine the site of action.
  • To identify the unknown (convulsant) drug and determine its site of action.
  • To study the effects of Adrenaline on Human Eyes.
  • To study the effects of Pilocarpine on Human Eyes.
  • To study the effect of Homatropine on Human Eyes.
  • To identify and observe the effects of unknown drugs on Human Eyes.
  • To study the effects of local anaesthetic drugs on human and the nerve plexus of frog.
  • To identify and differentiate the effects of unknown drug on human and the nerve plexus of frog.
  • To demonstrate the effects of Acetylcholine on the Rectus abdominus muscle of frog and competitive pharmacological antagonism by Neuromuscular blocking agent e.g. Gallamine.
  • To identify the unknown drug by performing pharmacological competitive antagonism on Rectus abdominus muscle of Frog.
  • To study the anti-coagulant effects of Heparin and oral anti-coagulants on Rabbits.
  • To identify the unknown anticoagulant drug using Rabbits.
  • To demonstrate the Graded Dose-Response curve of Acetylcholine on Rabbit intestine.
  • To identify unknown concentration of Acetycholine from Graded Dose-Response curves.
  • To demonstrate the general anesthetic effect on rabbits.
  • To demonstrate the effect of sedatives and hypnotics on rabbits.
  • To demonstrate the anti-nociceptive (analagesic) effect on mice.
  • To demonstrate antidepressant effect in rats (forced swimming test, tail suspension test, Yohimbin lethality test).

(Note: A minimum of 10 practicals should be conducted)